{"id":1725,"date":"2022-12-05T17:53:33","date_gmt":"2022-12-05T17:53:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.tolkieniana.net\/?p=1725"},"modified":"2022-12-05T17:55:18","modified_gmt":"2022-12-05T17:55:18","slug":"nota-99-sulla-terra-di-mezzo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/2022\/12\/05\/nota-99-sulla-terra-di-mezzo\/","title":{"rendered":"Nota 99 &#8211; Sulla Terra di Mezzo"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1725\" class=\"elementor elementor-1725\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68884a49 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"68884a49\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-393a474b\" data-id=\"393a474b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31191fc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31191fc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nota 99 - Sulla Terra di Mezzo<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-268d42f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"268d42f5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b2226f6\" data-id=\"5b2226f6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66ef0a01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"66ef0a01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">di Emilio Patavini<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-678e25e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"678e25e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ae60cf\" data-id=\"5ae60cf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55e36346 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"55e36346\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c914b7f elementor-drop-cap-yes elementor-drop-cap-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c914b7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;drop_cap&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Tolkien scrive: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Middle-earth. Non una terra, un mondo o un \u2018pianeta\u2019 in particolare, come viene troppo spesso immaginata, ma \u00e8 reso evidente nel prologo, nel testo e nelle appendici che la storia si svolge su questa terra e sotto cieli che in linea generale sono gli stessi visibili oggi. Il senso \u00e8 <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018le terre abitate da (Elfi e) Uomini\u2019<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, immaginate come situata tra il Mare Occidentale e quello dell\u2019Estremo Oriente (conosciuto in Occidente solo per sentito dire). Middle-earth (\u2018Terra di Mezzo\u2019) \u00e8 un\u2019alterazione moderna del medievale <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">middel-erde<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> dall\u2019antico inglese <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">middan-geard<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<a href=\"#nota1\">[1]<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Anche nelle <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lettere<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Tolkien conferma: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Middle-earth (Terra di Mezzo) \u00e8 solo inglese arcaico per<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u1f21 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03b7<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, il mondo abitato dagli uomini. Era allora com\u2019\u00e8 oggi. Proprio com\u2019\u00e8 oggi, rotondo e ineludibile<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<a href=\"#nota2\">[2]<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La Terra di Mezzo non \u00e8 un mondo immaginario; il nome \u00e8 la forma moderna (apparsa nel XIII secolo e ancora in uso) di <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">midden-erd &gt; middel-erd<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, un antico nome per l\u2019<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">oikoumen\u0113<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, la dimora [de]gli uomini, il mondo oggettivamente reale, contrapposto nell\u2019uso specificamente ai mondi immaginari (come il Paese delle favole) o invisibili (come Paradiso e Inferno). Il teatro del mio racconto \u00e8 questa terra, su cui ora viviamo, ma il periodo storico \u00e8 immaginario<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<a href=\"#nota3\">[3]<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cTerra di Mezzo\u201d era una parola arcaica che per le popolazioni germaniche stava a indicare quello che per i Greci era l\u2019<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03b7<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: il mondo in cui viviamo. Non a caso, il vescovo Ulfila, nella sua traduzione in gotico della Bibbia, traduce il greco <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> con <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">midjungard<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Luca 2,1. Questa \u00e8 la definizione del norreno <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mi\u00f0-gar\u00f0r<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (middle-yard \u201crecinto di mezzo\u201d) secondo il Cleasby-Vigfusson: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">un termine mitol[ogico] comune a tutte le antiche lingue teut[oniche]; [\u2026] ma solo l\u2019Edda isl[andese] ha preservato il vero aspetto mitico di questa antica parola teut[onica]. \u2013 La terra (<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mi\u00f0gar\u00f0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), la dimora degli uomini, \u00e8 situata al centro dell\u2019universo, delimitata da montagne e circondata dal grande mare (<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00fathaf<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">); dall\u2019altra parte di questo mare vi \u00e8 l\u2019<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dat-gar\u00f0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (out-yard \u2018recinto esterno\u2019), la dimora dei giganti; la <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mi\u00f0gar\u00f0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00e8 difesa dal \u2018recinto\u2019 o dalla \u2018citt\u00e0\u2019 di <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c1s-gar\u00f0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (the burgh of the gods \u2018la citt\u00e0 degli dei\u2019), che si trova al centro (essendo il cielo immaginato al di sopra della terra). La terra e l\u2019umanit\u00e0 sono dunque rappresentati come una fortezza assediata dalle forze del male da fuori, difesa dagli dei da sopra e da dentro<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<a href=\"#nota4\">[4]<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Le omelie anglosassoni riportano <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">middan-geard<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> per indicare la \u201cterra\u201d; lo stesso termine compare cinque volte nel <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beowulf<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> nel significato di \u201cmondo\u201d. In antico alto tedesco troviamo <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mittilagart<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (nel poema <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u016bspilli<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), nel sassone antico <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">middil-gard<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (nel poema <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u0113liand<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). La parola <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">middle earth<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> viene usata anche da Shakespeare in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Merry Wives of Windsor<\/span><\/i><a href=\"#nota5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[5]<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> e da Hawthorne in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Marble Faun<\/span><\/i><a href=\"#nota6\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[6]<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57531477 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"57531477\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d86f018 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d86f018\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"nota1\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[1] W.G. Hammond \u2013 C. Scull (eds), <i>The Lord of the Rings: A Reader\u2019s Companion<\/i>, Harper Collins, London 2014, p. 774.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c523b82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c523b82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"nota2\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[2] Lettera n\u00b0 151<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2416be0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2416be0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"nota3\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[3] Lettera n\u00b0 183. Su questo argomento si veda anche la Lettera n\u00b0 211.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8eac43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b8eac43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"nota4\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[4] R. Cleasby \u2013 G. Vigfusson, <i>An Icelandic-English Dictionary<\/i>, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1874, p. 426.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43989fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43989fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"nota5\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[5] W. Shakespeare, <i>Le allegre comari di Windsor<\/i>; atto V, scena 5.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cbe1aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cbe1aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"nota6\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[6] N. Hawthorne, <i>Il fauno di marmo<\/i>; capitolo XXXVIII.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nota 99 &#8211; Sulla Terra di Mezzo di Emilio Patavini In Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien scrive: \u201cMiddle-earth. Non una terra, un mondo o un \u2018pianeta\u2019 in particolare, come viene troppo spesso immaginata, ma \u00e8 reso evidente nel prologo, nel testo e nelle appendici che la storia si svolge&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/2022\/12\/05\/nota-99-sulla-terra-di-mezzo\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Leggi tutto &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Nota 99 &#8211; Sulla Terra di Mezzo<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"[\"thumbnail\",\"content\",\"tags\"]","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[157],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-note-kilby"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1725"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1725\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1756,"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1725\/revisions\/1756"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1725"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nuova.tolkieniana.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}